Competing Risks: State the Probability Question Before the Model
When competing events occur, choosing between cumulative incidence and cause-specific hazard depends on the probability question and ICH E9(R1) estimand strategy.

Category
Estimands, intercurrent events, missing data, multiplicity, and analysis choices.
When competing events occur, choosing between cumulative incidence and cause-specific hazard depends on the probability question and ICH E9(R1) estimand strategy.

How clinical trial teams write executable censoring rules for time-to-event endpoints, aligning situation tables with ICH E9(R1) estimands and ADaM datasets.

A structured clinical trial guide for documenting therapy identity, supply responsibility, and actual exposure when routine-care or background regimens encounter insurance coverage delays before biostatisticians classify an intercurrent event.

A methodological guide for biostatistics and clinical development teams on what endpoint definitions, estimand-aligned estimators, and sensitivity analyses the SAP must lock before unblinding.

A methodological guide for clinical development and biostatistics teams to construct ICH E9(R1) estimands, specify intercurrent event strategies, and avoid common missing-data pitfalls.

A methodological guide for biostatisticians and clinical trialists to separate intercurrent events from true missing data and pre-specify same-estimand sensitivity analyses.

A rigorous analysis of multiplicity management in clinical trials, comparing FDA's 2022 final guidance and EMA's 2002 Points to consider across co-primaries, hierarchies, and gatekeeping.
